Causes of Dreams and Nightmares

Causes of Dreams and Nightmares Evangjelos Danaj Abstract What are nightmares they are dreams bad ones that affect us every people sees dreams but not all of them see nightmares. We see nightmares most of the time when we are affected in a negative way in our life our when we ourselves have done something bad we tend to overthink it and that is one of the reason as to why we see it in our dreams in a bad way. Nightmares generally when happens periodically is the result of the person who sees it of lack of sleep or for people who are afraid of a scare movie or something most common nowadays due crises of humanity people tend to get stuck on a particular upsetting thought. On the other hand if it happens systematically then that is when people say that they have nightmare disorder this is dangerous for people because nightmares may lead to people jeopardizing their own safety or another human beings safety and because during nightmares people have rapid eye movement or REM they do not remember as to what they have done. Introduction Nightmares are dreams that happen during sleep and during when humans have rapid eye movement that is one of the reason as to why when we are having nightmares we have strong feelings of fear, distress, terror and anxiety. This is most likely to happen at a person’s later part of sleep. Nightmares become a disorder when it has affected our social life, our occupation and many more other important areas in our everyday life or if a someone keeps on seeing the same nightmare with the same topic meaning something that we have experience in our everyday life or an experience that we over tend to think about it then at this point if a person experiences this sort of nightmares then this this when we may call Nightmare disorder. This has been most commonly seen to happen at the age ten and has been seen as normal unless they interfere with sleep with their development or with their psychosocial development. This is most commonly shown to girls than boys and may last until they matur e into adulthood. Adult’s nightmares are something entirely different than at that which was for children because it does not affect them as much as it affects the children and will not affect their development psychology them much and in addition to that unlike children most of adult’s nightmares are commonly based on the fact that they either be anxious about something with external stressors or external trauma. Biology Biology is mostly connected with our DNA or our Genes that make up our DNA which are mostly connected with our behavior. Because Nightmares affect our sleep meaning that we feel them up to a certain level and that they do not allow us to sleep because of the shock that we receive because nightmares are dreams that frighten us. The most affected ones are the children who are unable to nurture the right way because they are afraid of nightmares for example if a children who is ten years old and his parents break for many different reasons then the children may have one of the many symptoms which differ from children to children, nightmares that will affect him in many ways. One of the most common effects that this kind of nightmare will have on children in the nurture sector may be Growth Hormone Deficiency. This problem has most commonly been seen to happen to children for adult’s nightmares don’t affect their biology directly but indirectly. Meaning that they are affect ed by post-traumatic stress and that they may be affected by other psychiatric illnesses. Since they are receiving medication for these problem that medication may affect their biological system which can cause the human to go crazy. Another disorder which affects human’s dreams and results at them having nightmares may be due a birth problem and feeling since the people who tend to feel more and are affected by it more may overthink most actions and that will result in him having nightmares. With the help of technology and research medicine has been made for people who are facing these problem to help them overcome it also psychologist has found method that enables them to help the patients overcome problem that affect them indirectly through the help of talking it out or with the help of interaction and communication with one another. In addition to the above stated Breathing disorder can cause nightmares this disease can cause sleep aupnia which will result in the little s leep that we get to have nightmares this disease together with nightmares can cause severe effects on the human mind like falling asleep without realizing it a high fever which will be hard to treat children will have a Hyperactive behavior, depression and if it is severe then we will notice that our legs will have swelled. Emotions Most people do not know this but emotions are affects very much from nightmares. Emotions meaning our mood, which result in us not waking up in a rather refreshed mood but waking up and leaving us with the feeling that the sleeper who has just seen a nightmare has been in a battle with something all night long. Furthermore this abstract can lead us to seeing more disoriented dreams meaning nightmares and can increase our anxiety which will lead to seeing more nightmares. People have become clinically depressed because they have not been able to identify what it is that has leaded them to having nightmares. Based on research that has been done by unknown researcher’s people that are clinically depressed and that they have not been born with any biological problem and that these symptoms are shown when a person cannot identify the origins of the nightmare disorder have a tendency to three to four time more than the average person. Another hypothesis may be that nightmares are a way for your unconscious mind telling us that we are not dealing with our stress as we should be. Another hypothesis about nightmares may be that because we are having difficulties accepting some facts that we as people do not accept for many different reasons then that means that the nightmare that we see is our mind overanalyzing it and showing it to us so in other words we can say that it is our mind telling us as to what we should fix. Taking all things into consideration we can safely say that nightmares as in general are not things that come out of nowhere but they are the products of our brain telling us and indicating to us as to what it is that is under our minds so nightmares are not problems that descended upon us from above or from below as most people tend to claim when they are having nightmares. Social life Nightmares generally in social life aspect affect adult more than they affect children due to the fact that they have a lot more social interaction than children have. Adults due to the fact that most of them work overtime or sometimes even 24 hour straight they tend to eat late at night that affects their brain and the metabolism which result in signaling the brain to have a higher activity rate. Through nightmare through our everyday life we may want an object that we will get up do get it through sleep walking. In other words Nightmares can cause us to have other problem mostly psychological problem. In looking at how our nightmares affect our social interaction with other people it is important to take note that nightmares play a vital role in our life. Another aspect here may be that because during our everyday moment we have no time to process our thought and so that leads to the brain processing it throughout the night and at most times resulting into us seeing it as a bad nig htmare. Recent measurement’s show that most common people that have nightmares are the one who have done a crime and even though they have been judged for the crime that they have by the government and not by someone who is of the law because people tend to think that if they are judged by the law then there sins are forgiven but that is not the cause because even and after they do jail time for the crime that they themselves have committed and they still see that through nightmare because those are experience that have left them at a traumatic state of mind that is for those who have done crimes but for those people who have not done crimes but they have just experienced shocking thing like war veterans see and see again from time to time themselves at the frontline because they know sub-consciously that what they are doing is wrong so in other words nightmares may also be cause by actions that we ourselves know subconscious are wrong and still we go through with it. Conclusion In the end taking all things into consideration Nightmare disorder is an illness that can be treated through many ways without the help of specialist meaning a therapist. One way to do this is to alleviating stress with in your home your personal life this will result in us eliminating anxiety the individuals most likely course of action as to have a relaxing sleep and not to see nightmares. Another course of action that someone may do may be through the help of fitness and in corporation with relaxation therapy which will result in the individual have a more relax and a more complete sleep. In addition to this one skill trough training and everyday exercise can be through yoga and in through with meditation techniques which help in a person’s a sleeping atmosphere. Patients can also choose to do this through the help of a specialist meaning psychotherapy so that they can learn as how to deal with and cope with stress and find different ways to deal with it. Most patients tend to select the route of medication but the ones who can be provided with medication and diagnosis are the ones who have report that they are having reoccurring nightmares over and over again more than four times a week. Prazosin is a commonly used medicine to treat people who are having problems with Posttraumatic stress disorder. Therapy has helped a lot of people to deal with frightening themes and has helped them alleviate from the nightmare recurrence. Usually a large amount of the patients will improve as the patient gets older and older. Based on the latest research a treatment is under way that at this point is currently weak but its main point is that the patient who is suffering from nightmares to be able to benefit from it but currently it is still weak. On the other hand there also the people who tend to think that they are having nightmares those people are given a placebo pill a pill of sugar so as to think that they are cured. REFERENCES Ernest Hartmann, The nightmare: the psychology and biology of terrifying dream, 21 Jan. 2010, University of Michigan, Basic Books, 1984 Joanne L. Davis PhD, Treating Post-Trauma Nightmares: A Cognitive Behavioral Approach, Springer Publishing Company, 2008 Paul R. Carney, Richard B. Berry, James D. Geyer, Clinical Sleep Disorders, Lippincott Williams Wilkins, 2012

Living on Another Planet Essay

For my professional organization I chose NASA because they are the U. S. government agency that is spearheading the Kepler Project that actually found the planet Kepler 22b that so closely resembles Earth. NASA was founded in 1958 and their headquarters are located in Washington D.C. NASA’s mission statement is â€Å"To reach for new heights and reveal the unknown so that what we do and learn will benefit all humankind.† (Wilson, 2011) The services provided by NASA are scientific research, flight research and development and missions, space research and development and missions, satellite deployment, monitoring, repair, and data analysis, and various other services for the defense of the United States. There are no actual membership costs as this is a U. S. government agency, so you could not â€Å"join† this organization. You have to be employed by the government directly, or by one of the many sub-contractors that NASA does  contract. Being an employee of one of these sub-contractors though does not make you a NASA and/or government employee per se. NASA not only accomplished great things in flight and space exploration, but also made many scientific discoveries and developed many technologies that we use today. One such technology would be formed from the research and findings of Dr. Dennis Morrison on nanomaterial (Jones, 2011). The information learned from his research helped Farouk Systems, Inc. develop the special coating on their ceramic plates of their hairstyling tools (Jones, 2011). One of the most popular of which is the CHI hairstyling iron. The planet I chose to live on is Kepler 22b. The purpose for living on this planet is to see if it is a viable solution to living on earth in the eventuality that earth becomes uninhabitable.   Kepler 22b is located in the Kepler 22 star system 600 light years away (Culler, 2011). It is located in the â€Å"habitable zone† in said star system. Kepler 22b is 2.4 times the radius of earth (Culler, 2011). Its host star (like our sun) is a G-type except smaller and cooler (Kepler 22b The New Frontier, 2011). The orbit of the planet to its star is similar to earths at 290 days (Culler, 2011). Not much is known yet of the composition of Kepler 22b, but it is theorized that it is made of rock and can support surface water. The climate on Kepler 22b is a very comfortable average temperature of 72 degrees Fahrenheit. This cooler temperature is because the sun type G star is cooler and smaller than earth’s sun.   The population size on planet Kepler 22b is 0 at the moment as no life forms have as yet been discovered on said planet. For my colonization, I would suggest a community of at least 10,000 people so as to support all facets of the operations and stabilization of the community. The impact on the social structure of the community would be a positive one. It would be a community where everyone could come together with a single purpose and goal in mind to achieve, regardless of race, sex, or economic status. The economic impact would be positive as well by creating thousands  of jobs in all sectors of society from the start to finish of the project. Kepler 22b is in the Kepler star system 600 light years away (Culler, 2011). Its distance from its sun is not known yet, but it is safe to assume that it is in a comparable distance from its sun as earth is from its sun. The length of the days/nights is not known at this time, but it is safe to assume that they are also comparable to earths. Kepler 22b is assumed to be very like earth, so we must also assume that there are large water masses and large land masses (Kepler 22b The New Frontier, 2011). This community will be built near the equator of Kepler 22b. I have chosen this location due to the average temperature on this planet is 72 degrees Fahrenheit (Culler, 2011), so this location will be the most temperate and tropical location to settle in and plant crops. A tropical location will allow us the best chances to take advantage of rainfall and sunshine for crop growth, water, soil fertility, our livestock we use for food, and the general comfort of our community. The population size of the community will be 10,000 people. The reason for this number of people is to ensure enough man power to build the community and keep it operationally sound once it is finished. The economic structure of this community will be communal as this is an experimental colony to see if life on another planet is feasible. No one pays for anything as everything will be provided by our earth government and rationed out equally per person until everything is up and running properly. Everyone will have a job to do that they are solely responsible for and each job depends on the next person and what job they are responsible for and so forth. What will be needed for survival: * 10,000 female dairy cattle * 20,000 beef cattle * 20,000 pigs * 40,000 chicken * Fishing supplies * DNA of all livestock brought with us for cloning of food supply * Enough grains for 2 years * Freeze dried fruits and vegetables * DNA of all grains, fruits, and vegetables for cloning * Seeds to plant all grains, fruits, and vegetables * Feed for all of the livestock for at least 1 year * Building tools * Building supplies (concrete, doors, steel girters, nails, cables and wiring, etc.) * Building machinery and equipment * Solar panels * Windmills * Water purification supplies and technology * Drilling equipment * Batteries * Clothing * Cooking utensils such as pots and skillets (enough for every person to have 3 sets each) * Personal hygiene items such as deodorant, shampoo, toothbrush, toothpaste (enough for a 2 year supply for each person) * One set each per household- couch, chair, coffee table, dining room table and chairs, bed for each person, dresser for each person, mirror * Supply of fresh water for 6 months The reason Kepler 22b was chosen was due to its close resemblance of earth by way of composition of its atmosphere, land masses, and bodies of water, as well as its approximation to its own sun (Kepler 22b The New Frontier, 2011). The specific location on this planet’s equator was chosen because it offers the most temperate location for the people to live as well as it being tropical so that we may take full advantage of the rainfall and/ or sunshine for our crops, livestock, and personal water supplies. Some supplies will be naturally available on Kepler 22b, such as water, air, natural gases, rock, sand, trees, and edible aquatic life. There will be a considerable amount of supplies that will be brought from earth so as to get us started, but we will have to cultivate our own for future use, such as crops, food, drill for water and natural gases. Since this is a temperate climate of 72 degrees (Culler, 2011), there will be little impact on energy use for air conditioning. At night there will most likely be a larger impact on the use of energy for heating and lights. The political structure will be set up and in place on earth before we ever leave so that it will be in place when we arrive on the new planet. The people chosen to be in a position of power over the others will not have absolute power and that will not be their only job. The people in power will also have a regular job in the building of the community. Everything in this community will be decided by a majority rules vote. The laws will be set and in place before they ever leave earth. They will be the same as on earth with one exception. If you break a law in this community, no matter how small, you will be exiled back to earth. You will never again be allowed back into this community and someone else will be sent from earth to replace you. The layout of our community can be rationalized in the following ways: * It is very basic for optimal functionality * To make as little impact on the host planet as possible * To make life seem as close to life on earth as possible for the mental stability of the inhabitants * To see if life on another planet is possible * To see if we can work cooperatively as a whole instead of individuals The transportation systems that will be used will be walking and/or teleportation. This decision was made to keep emissions from any type of vehicle polluting the atmosphere (also because carrying cars to a new planet seems impractical and antiquated). For our life support systems, they are designed to be very similar to earths in layout and functionality. The water system will consist of a water pumping/treatment plant and a pipework infrastructure to pump clean fresh water into buildings, businesses, and homes. The sewage system will consist of a separate laying of pipework infrastructure going to a sewage treatment plant that will also recycle the water, treat it, and send reclaimed water out to water the crops. We will set up farms of crops and livestock brought  from earth. But, we will also be able to fish for native aquatic wildlife as a food source. The pros of this plan are that since this planet is so similar to earth, we already know what to do and how to do it. Also that these systems have been tested on earth and proven to function properly already. The cons of this plan are that not a lot is known about this planet yet; so many assumptions have been made so this may not be a very feasible plan. We will also be altering the history and natural evolution of this planet and there is no way of telling what kind of impact we may have. Introducing non indigenous life to anywhere is usually never a good idea, so we also have no way of forecasting what that impact will be on this planet either.

Deep space flight simulation Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The habitable module had six compartments each for every crew member; a kitchen, living, dining and toilet areas and a control room. The individual compartments measured thirty-two square feet (32 sq ft) with a bed, desk, chair and shelves for placing personal items. There was also a medical module for isolation and treatment of sick crew members. A Mars landing simulator and storage module were also present in the facility. The utility module consisted of a gym, refrigeration unit and greenhouses where they grew food (Lepisto, 2011). After takeoff, the crew members were kept busy by the challenges of being isolated. During the first few weeks of isolation, the crew conducted a simulation of staying in a space station closer to the earth’s orbit. After their stay in the space station, they would embark on approaching planet Mars. The major difference between a journey to planet Mars and being closer to planet Earth is signal delay and the chance of receiving new supplies. The International Space Station can be reached within forty-eight hours from the earth’s surface. It is the last opportunity for crew members to obtain new resources and supplies. We will write a custom essay sample on Deep space flight simulation or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now After this, the spacecraft will travel further into deep space where getting new supplies is impossible. Further distance also relates to signal delays where messages require twenty minutes to reach its destination. The only way the six crew members could send messages was using a webcam to record video messages that they later sent to the respondents (European Space Agency, 2009). Orbit around Mars and Landing The men aboard the locked steel capsule communicated with outsiders through video messages and emails. The messages were being delayed to create the feel of being further away from earth even though they were a couple of yards from the control room. They ate canned food similar to the foodstuffs found on the international space station and showered once every week. After two hundred and forty days of virtual interplanetary flight, the Mars 500 arrived on Mars. The final approach that was started on 24th December 2011 began by shifting the modules trajectory from interplanetary space into a spiral orbit straight down the Martian surface. Crew members opened the hatch between the Lander which was separately launched to Mars and the mother ship. The crew would later transfer the cargo inside the Lander to the habitat and afterward prepare the Lander for undocking and landing (Marsdaily. com, 2011). They would then divide themselves into two groups with one group entering the Lander wh ile the remaining stayed in orbit.

Wind Energy for Future Generation Essay - 1511 Words

Everyday we sit and work with our laptop, watch TV, play with tablets, use the coffee machine, use the lights, etc. Electrical appliances and devices exist today in very large numbers and will keep on growing at a very fast rate. In order to meet demands for electrical power, fossil fuels have been the main force of producing electricity ever since the industrial age. As effective as fossil fuel is, it will not last forever due to the fast rate of consumption and increasing electricity demand. As supplies of fossil fuel dwindle, it has become clear that renewable energy will become the primary source of global energy. Of all renewable energy sources that are available, wind energy stands at the top. We had use wind to do work for us†¦show more content†¦The picture in that book that I remembered the most is the one with a field of mirror shining directly towards a receiving end of the tower located at the center of the mirror field. That picture was dubbed as solar energy. B ecause that picture was the most interesting one that I came across, I went back to see what unit the picture was set in. I found out that picture was in the unit named Electrical Energy Sources. From then on I always wanted to see anything that is similar to what I saw from that textbook. All these years I did not spot anything that is remotely similar to that picture, however, when I did spot places where they generates electricity they all had smokestacks. I then learned that there are two types of energy sources: non-renewable energy, renewable energy. I realized that non-renewable was much more popular than renewable energy as for the only other renewable energy plants that I saw was the Hoover Dam from 2005, and the wind farms in Austria from 2011. I then thought why are renewable energy so rare compared to the non-renewable energy counterpart. That all changed when I entered high school. In my science class in high school, I learned something called total net energy cost. 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